Exploring The Dynamics Of Ethnic Entrepreneurship In North Sulawesi: A Descriptive Study On Javanese Ethnic Entrepreneurs
Keywords:
Ethnic entrepreneurship, culture, Javanese ethnicity, economic growthAbstract
This study centers around the intricate interplay between Javanese ethnic entrepreneurs and the economic landscape of North Sulawesi, aiming to elucidate the factors that drive these entrepreneurs to establish businesses in a region marked by distinct cultural, linguistic, and customary differences. While existing research has explored the economic contributions of ethnic entrepreneurs, few have ventured into contexts where cultural dissonance is pronounced. Conducting a comprehensive descriptive analysis involving 385 respondents, this research sheds light on the motivations and dynamics behind the choices made by Javanese entrepreneurs to engage in business activities within the diverse socio-cultural milieu of North Sulawesi. The findings reveal a vibrant and dynamic business ecosystem in the region, fostering a symbiotic relationship between the entrepreneurial endeavors of the Javanese ethnic community and the broader economic development of North Sulawesi. By uncovering the mechanisms that underpin the success of Javanese ethnic entrepreneurs in a culturally disparate environment, this study contributes to a nuanced understanding of how economic support from within ethnic communities can drive regional growth. The results imply the existence of a mutually beneficial relationship wherein the adaptability and resilience of Javanese entrepreneurs converge with the open and dynamic business ecosystem of North Sulawesi, ultimately facilitating economic progress for both the ethnic group and the broader region.
Downloads
References
Al-Ansari, Y., Pervan, S., & Xu, J. (2013). Innovation and business performance of SMEs: the case of Dubai. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, 6(3/4), 162–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBS-04-2013-0012
Atiase, V. Y., Mahmood, S., Wang, Y., & Botchie, D. (2018). Developing entrepreneurship in Africa: investigating critical resource challenges. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 25(4), 644–666. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-03-2017-0084
Bruder, J., Neuberger, D., & Räthke‐Döppner, S. (2011). Financial constraints of ethnic entrepreneurship: evidence from Germany. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 17(3), 296–313. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552551111130727
Cahyono, E., Syafitri, W., & Susilo, A. (2021). Ethnicity, Migration, And Entrepreneurship In Indonesia. . Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics, 9, 1–12.
Dana, L.-P., Gurau, C., Light, I., & Muhammad, N. (2020). Family, community, and ethnic capital as entrepreneurial resources: Toward an integrated model. Journal of Small Business Management, 58(5), 1003–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12507
De Castro, E. A., Marques, J., & Viegas, M. (2018). The Schumpeter creative destruction hypothesis: A spatial assessment on Portuguese regions. Global Business and Economics Review, 20(2), 198–212. https://doi.org/10.1504/GBER.2018.090069
Emami-Langroodi, F. (2018). SchumpeterrS Theory of Economic Development: A Study of the Creative Destruction and Entrepreneurship Effects on the Economic Growth. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3153744
Eng, P. (2020). Chinese entrepreneurship in Indonesia: A business demography approach. Business History, 64, 682–703.
Games, D. (2020). Ethnicity, religiosity and SME innovation outcomes: some insights from a Muslim ethnic group. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 430–444.
Garaika, G., & Margahana, H. (2019). Self Efficacy, self personality and self confidence on entrepreurial intention: Study on young entreprises. In Journal of Entrepreneurship Education (Vol. 22, Issue 1). https://www.bernas.id/64070-anak-muda-jogja-berpotensi-
Goodson, L. A., Slater, D., & Zubovic, Y. (2014). Adding confidence to knowledge. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 15(1), 20–37. https://doi.org/10.14434/josotl.v15i1.12761
Gorter, C., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (1998). Crossing Borders: Regional and Urban Perspectives on International Migration (1st ed.). Routledge.
Guerra Fernandes, J. A., Marques, C. S., Silva, R., & Martins, H. (2022). Ethnic entrepreneurship: A bibliometric review and future research agenda. Strategic Change, 31(4), 397–413. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2516
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Harinie, L. (2019). (2019). Ethnographic Study on Cultural Entrepreneurship of Banjar Ethnic Family in Indonesia. The Social Sciences, 8(22).
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s recent consequences: Using dimension scores in theory and research. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 1(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/147059580111002
Hofstede, G. (2011). Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2, 1–26.
Hofstede, G., Neuijen, B., Ohayv, D. D., & Sanders, G. (1990). Measuring Organizational Cultures: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study Across Twenty Cases. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(2), 286. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393392
Howell, R. T., Kurai, M., & Tam, L. (2013). Money Buys Financial Security and Psychological Need Satisfaction: Testing Need Theory in Affluence. Social Indicators Research, 110(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9774-5
Ilhan-Nas, T., Sahin, K., & Cilingir, Z. (2011). International ethnic entrepreneurship: Antecedents, outcomes and environmental context. International Business Review, 20(6), 614–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.02.011
Indarti, N., Hapsari, N., Lukito-Budi, A. S., & Virgosita, R. (2020). Quo vadis, ethnic entrepreneurship? A bibliometric analysis of ethnic entrepreneurship in growing markets. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(3), 427–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-04-2020-0080
Johnson, C. Y., Bowker, J. M., & Cordell, H. K. (2004). Environment and Behavior ETHNIC VARIATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL BELIEF. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916503251478
Krueger, N., Liñán, F., & Nabi, G. (2013). Cultural values and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 25(9–10), 703–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2013.862961
Li, C., Ahmed, N., Qalati, S. A., Khan, A., & Naz, S. (2020). Role of business incubators as a tool for entrepreneurship development: The mediating and moderating role of business start-up and government regulations. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(5), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051822
Linder, C., Lechner, C., & Pelzel, F. (2020). Many Roads Lead to Rome: How Human, Social, and Financial Capital Are Related to New Venture Survival. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(5), 909–932. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719867558
Li‐Ping Tang, T., Shin‐Hsiung Tang, D., & Luna‐Arocas, R. (2005). Money profiles: the love of money, attitudes, and needs. Personnel Review, 34(5), 603–618. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480510612549
Louwman, R. C. (2023). Happiness-Driven Growth: Achieving Business Prosperity Through Happiness. In S. Chetri, T. Dutta, M. K. Mandal, & P. Patnaik (Eds.), Understanding Happiness: An Explorative View (pp. 401–430). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3493-5_18
Morales, C., Holtschlag, C., Masuda, A. D., & Marquina, P. (2018). In which cultural contexts do individual values explain entrepreneurship? An integrative values framework using Schwartz’s theories. International Small Business Journal, 37(3), 241–267. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242618811890
Nelwan, J. E., Widjajanto, E., Andarini, S., Djati, S., & Sumampouw, O. J. (2018). The Role of Mapalus Culture by Minahasa Ethnic in North Sulawesi to the Coronary Heart Disease Incidents. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 8(3). https://doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.8.3.2018.p7508
Perwakilan Bank indonesia Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. (2023). Laporan Perekonomian Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (Vol. 02). https://www.bi.go.id/id/
Pramono, R., Sondakh, L. W., Bernarto, I., Juliana, J., & Purwanto, A. (2021). Determinants of the Small and Medium Enterprises Progress: A Case Study of SME Entrepreneurs in Manado, Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 881–889. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no1.881
Primadona, P. (2020). Does Really Culture Organization and Relationship of the Entrepreneurial in the Wandering Contribute To Social Capital on Ethnic Minang in Indonesia. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24.
Saqib, N., & Satar, M. S. (2021). Exploring business model innovation for competitive advantage: a lesson from an emerging market. International Journal of Innovation Science, 13(4), 477–491. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-05-2020-0072
Schumpeter, J. (1947). The creative response in economic history. Journal of Economic History, 149–159.
Schwartz, S. H. (2006). A Theory of Cultural Value Orientations: Explication and Applications. Comparative Sociology, 5(2). www.brill.nl
Suddaby, R., & Jaskiewicz, P. (2020). Managing Traditions: A Critical Capability for Family Business Success. Family Business Review, 33(3), 234–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486520942611
Sutanto, O., & Nurrachman, N. (2018). Makna Kewirausahaan Pada Etnis Jawa, Minang, dan Tionghoa: Sebuah Studi Representasi Sosial. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 5(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu12018-75
Tidd, J., & Bessant, J. (2018). Innovation Management Challenges: From Fads To Fundamentals. International Journal of Innovation Management, 22(5). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919618400078
Usai, A., Orlando, B., & Mazzoleni, A. (2020). Happiness as a driver of entrepreneurial initiative and innovation capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 21(6), 1229–1255. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-11-2019-0250
Volery, T. (2007). Ethnic entrepreneurship: a theoretical framework: Handbook of research on ethnic minority entrepreneurship (Vol. 1).
Wuryaningrat, N. F., Mandagi, D. W., & Rantung, D. I. (2023). Mapalus as a Knowledge Transfer Practice to Improve Innovation Capability: Success or not Success?. Revista De Gestão Social E Ambiental, 17(1), e03162-e03162.
Xia, C. L., Wu, T. J., Wei, A. P., & Wu, P. G. (2021). Are chinese entrepreneurs happier than employees? Evidence based on a national workforce survey in china. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010179
.
