The Effect of KOH Concentration Variations on the Physical Characteristics of Liquid Dishwashing Soap Made From Tangenore Peel Charcoal (Citrus Reticulata)
Keywords:
Tangerine Peel, Liquid Dishwashing Soap, KOH ConcentrationAbstract
Orange peel waste, which is usually wasted, has great potential as a value-added raw material. Orange peel contains natural compounds with antimicrobial properties and is able to remove oil and dirt, making it an ideal ingredient for soap making. This study examined the effect of varying KOH concentrations on the physical characteristics of liquid dishwashing soap made from tangerine peel charcoal (Citrus reticulata). The charcoal was produced through a carbonization process using varying temperatures (150°C, 175°C, and 200°C). The liquid soap was then formulated with varying KOH concentrations (12%, 14%, and 16%) and tested for physical characteristics including viscosity, organoleptic properties, homogeneity, foam stability, and pH. The results are expected to determine the optimal formulation of high-quality liquid soap and provide innovative solutions for managing organic waste into sustainable, value-added products.
Downloads
References
Agusta, W. T., Fahrurroji, A., and Andrie, M. (2015) ‘Optimization Of Antibacterial Liquid Soap Formula Fromredbetle Leaves (Piper Crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) Ethanolic Extract With Virgin Coconut Oil (Vco) And Potassium Hidroxide (Koh) Variation’, Jurnal Mahasiswa Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNTAN, 3(1), pp. 1-14. Available at: https://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jmfarmasi/article/view/16642
Agustina, R., Suprianto, D., and Rosalin, S. (2023) ‘Entrepreneurship: Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piring Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Ibu Rumah Tangga Di Wilayah Pakis’, Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(1), pp. 21-25. Available at: https://doi.org/10.47710/abdimasnu.v3i2.211.
Aluhariandu, V.E., Tariningsih, D., and Lestari, P.F.K. (2016) ‘Analisis Usahatani Jeruk Siam Dan Faktor - Faktor Yang Memepengaruhi Penerimaan Petani (Studi Kasus Di Desa Bayung Gede Kecamatan Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli)’, Jurnal Pertanian Berbasis Keseimbangan Ekosistem, 6(12), pp. 77-86.
Anggraeni, S.A., Tristiany, R.U., Shofiyah, S., Khasanah, U., and Azizah, W.L.N. (2024) ‘Sosialisasi Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piring Dari Minyak Jelantah Sebagai Solusi Permasalahan Limbah Rumah Tangga Serta Mengatasi Kemiskinan Pada Masyarakat Desa Madyocondro, Kecamatan Secang, Kabupaten Magelang’, Jurnal Pengabdian Indonesia Emas, 1(2), pp. 130-136. Available at: https://doi.org/10.53088/tintamas.v1i2.1032.
Kurniawati, Y. and Paramita, V. (2022) ‘Optimization of Manufacturing liquid Soap Based on Virgin Coconut Oil with a Combination Potassium Hydroxide and Ammonium Hydroxide’, Journal of Vocational Studies on Applied Research, 4(1), pp. 7–12. Available at: https://doi.org/10.14710/jvsar.v4i1.14463.
Kusmiyati, Nugroho, D.S., Pradana, K.R., Normasari, V., and Mutia, K.A. (2024) ‘Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cair Ramah Lingkungan Cuci Piring Dan Baju Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Ibu- Ibu Pkk Di Kelurahan Bojongsalaman Kota Semarang’, Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Multidisiplin, 7(2), pp. 161–169. Available at: https://doi.org/10.36341/jpm.v7i2.4085.
Monica, E., Setiyawan, M. and Hilmi Afthoni, M. (2023) ‘Optimasi Pembuatan Serbuk Instan Dari Buah Jeruk Keprok (Citrus Reticulata) Dengan Metode Kristalisasi’, Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi, 3(2), pp. 1-8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33479/sb.v3i2.235.
Nurmalasari, D.R., Iswiyanti, Pondineka, A.R.A, and Mikhania, C.E. (2023) ‘Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Koh Terhadap Sifat Fisik Sabun Cair Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.)’, Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Akademi Farmasi Jember, 6(1), pp. 8–16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.53864/jifakfar.v6i1.122.
Pawening, R.E., Shudiq, W.J., and Wahyuni. (2020) ‘Klasifikasi Kualitas Jeruk Lokal Berdasarkan Tekstur Dan Bentuk Menggunakan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN)’, Jurnal Kecerdasan Buatan, Komputasi, dan Teknologi Informasi, 1(1), pp. 10-17. Available at: http://ejournal.unuja.ac.id/index.php/core.
Rery, R.U. Gustina, O.A, Gultom, C.E., Thahri, R.A., Putri, T.S., Silitonga, A.S., Ayuningtyas, S., Mandalica, P.F., Miktial., R.P., and Rasyid, Y.A. (2022) ‘Sosialisasi Proses Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Piring sebagai Peluang Usaha bagi Ibu PKK Kelurahan Padang Terubuk, Kecamatan Senapelan, Kota Pekanbaru’, Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Indonesia, 2(5), pp. 1489–1494. Available at: https://doi.org/10.54082/jamsi.458.
Rusdi, H.O., Wonorahardjo, S., Kusumaningrum, I.K., Maisulah, Pribadi, R.A., Putri, A.S., and Ciptawati, E. (2024) ‘Characterization Of Organic Soap Synthesized From Samia Cynthia Ricini Cocoon Extract And Its Antibacterial Potential’, Jurnal Sains Natural, 14, pp. 109–116. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v.
Sembiring, A. R., & Sinaga, M. J. (2023). Pemanfaatan arang kulit jeruk sebagai bahan adsorben pada pembuatan sabun cair ramah lingkungan. Jurnal Rekayasa Proses, 17(1), 34–41. Available at: https://doi.org/10.25077/jrp.
Silsia, D., Susanti, L., & Apriantonedi, R. (2017). Effects Of Koh Concentration On Characteristics Of Used Cooking Oil Liquid Soap Having Kalamansi Cittrus Fragrance. Jurnal Agroindustri, 7(1), 11–19. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31186/j.agroindustri.7.1.11-19.
Susanti, M.M. dan Tyaspito, N.A. 2023. Analisis Variasi Konsentrasi Kalium Hidroksida Terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Sabun Mandi Cair Ekstrak Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Berbahan Dasar Minyak Goreng Bekas. Vol. 8 No. 01, pp. 11–18.
Wardhani, R.R.A.A.K., Rizkiana, F., Prasiska, E., and Pardede, A. (2024) ‘Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Kulit Jeruk Di Desa Sungai Gampa Kecamatan Rantau Badauh Kabupaten Barito Kuala’, Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Borneo, 8(1), pp. 1-6. Available at: https://doi.org/10.35334/jpmb.v8i1.4388.
Zayed, L., Gablo, N., Kalcakova, L., Dordevic, S., Kushkevych, I., Dordevic, D., and Tremlova, B. (2024) ‘Utilizing Used Cooking Oil and Organic Waste: A Sustainable Approach to Soap Production’, Processes, 12(6), pp. 1-13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12061279
