The Effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention in Reducing Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy
Keywords:
Cognitive behavioral therapy /CBT, Anxiety, pregnant women.Abstract
Anxiety is an emotional disorder that is felt naturally and is characterised by intense and unclear feelings of fear or worry (Puspitasari & Wahyuntari, 2020). According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2020), the rate of anxiety in pregnant women in Indonesia reaches 107,000,000 or 28.7% of which anxiety occurs in pregnant women before childbirth. According to WHO (2020), the level of anxiety during pregnancy ranges from 8-10% and increases to 12% before childbirth. Elvina et al (2018) in their research said that pregnant women in developing countries experienced anxiety disorders reaching 19.8%. Therefore, researchers are interested in conducting research on the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy interventions in reducing maternal anxiety during pregnancy in the Makrayu health centre working area. This research design is a quasi-experiment with a two group pre-test and post-test design with control. Respondents of this study were pregnant women who visited the obstetric clinic of the makrayu health centre with a total of 30 respondents. To measure the level of anxiety using the PASS instrument (Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale). The data that has been obtained is processed and analysed by paired sample t- test with a p-value of 0.05 using the SPSS program. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the results of the t-test obtained a p value = 0.000; (<0.05) indicate an effect on changes in the anxiety level of pregnant women in the intervention group and control group after being given CBT intervention. This shows that there is a significant decrease in the anxiety level of pregnant women before and after the intervention, so it can be concluded that cognitive behavioural therapy / CBT is effective for reducing anxiety levels in pregnant women. Where it can be interpreted that respondents in the intervention group before being given the intervention obtained moderate to severe anxiety levels, after being given the intervention the anxiety level decreased to no anxiety to moderate anxiety. Advice to pregnant women to be able to play an active role in following counselling or consulting if they feel anxious during pregnancy.
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