The Effectiveness of Health Education on Premenstrual Syndrome toward Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent Girls at LKSA Panti Asuhan Aisyiyah Kudus

Nafi'ah Khumairatun Az-Zahra; Noor Hidayah; Sukesih Sukesih

Authors

Nafi'ah Khumairatun Az-Zahra Bachelor of Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Health, Muhammadiyah University of Kudus
Noor Hidayah Bachelor of Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Health, Muhammadiyah University of Kudus
Sukesih Sukesih Bachelor of Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Health, Muhammadiyah University of Kudus

Keywords:

Adolescent Girls, Health Education, Premenstrual Syndrome

Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a reproductive health problem commonly experienced by adolescent girls and can cause physical and emotional disturbances that affect daily activities and quality of life. Limited knowledge and inappropriate attitudes toward PMS are still frequently found, particularly among adolescent girls living in orphanages who have restricted access to health information. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of health education on premenstrual syndrome in improving knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls at LKSA Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage. This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. The study population consisted of all adolescent girls at LKSA Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage, totaling 34 respondents, with total sampling used as the sampling technique. Data were collected using knowledge and attitude questionnaires administered before and after the health education intervention, which was delivered through PowerPoint (PPT) media using an experience sharing technique. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses, and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was applied. The results showed a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls after the health education intervention (p < 0.05), indicating a meaningful difference between pretest and posttest measurements. These findings demonstrate that health education is effective in increasing knowledge and fostering positive attitudes among adolescent girls toward premenstrual syndrome.

References

A. Kinghorn, K. Shanaube, E. Toska, L. Cluver, and L.-G. Bekker, “Defining adolescence: priorities from a global health perspective,” The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, vol. 2, no. 5, p. e10, May 2018, doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30096-8.

Q. Liu, Y. Lin, and W. Zhang, “Psychological stress dysfunction in women with premenstrual syndrome,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 22, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40233.

J. Barbosa-Silva et al., “Prevalence, pain intensity and symptoms associated with primary dysmenorrhea: a cross-sectional study,” BMC Women’s Health, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 92, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02878-z.

S. Ayyub, M. Agrawal, V. Sharma, and A. Aravind, “The Effect of Physical Activity on Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review,” Annals of Neurosciences, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 315–320, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.1177/09727531241297012.

I. Y. A. K. Al-Tarawneh and A. Y. A. K. Al-Tarawneh, “The predictive ability of menstrual disorders and hormonal imbalance in the level of mood disorders in females,” Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 261–270, 2024.

A. P. R. Rezende et al., “Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Academics of a University in Midwest Brazil,” Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet., vol. 44, pp. 133–141, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1741456.

R. S. Salsabila, “Hubungan Gaya Hidup dengan Kejadian Premenstrual Syndrome pada Remaja di SMK Negeri 4 Klaten,” S1, UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH KLATEN, 2023. Accessed: Feb. 12, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://repository.umkla.ac.id/3187/

S. Daneshvar et al., “Effectiveness of a school-based health education program to improve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam,” J Educ Health Promot, vol. 12, p. 126, 2023, doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_382_22.

S. Nurdiansyah, N. Asmaningrum, R. Purwandari, A. Ardiana, and K. R. M. Nur, “The Health Literacy Level among Adult Patients in Rural and Urban Public Health Centers of Pandalungan Region: A Dual-Center Comparative Study,” Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 17–25, Apr. 2022.

B. Dilbaz and A. Aksan, “Premenstrual syndrome, a common but underrated entity: review of the clinical literature,” J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 139–148, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2021.2020.0133.

P. R. Gudipally and G. K. Sharma, “Premenstrual Syndrome,” in StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025. Accessed: Feb. 18, 2026. [Online]. Available: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560698/

M. Siddiqui, I. Kataria, K. Watson, and V. Chandra-Mouli, “A systematic review of the evidence on peer education programmes for promoting the sexual and reproductive health of young people in India,” Sex Reprod Health Matters, vol. 28, no. 1, p. 1741494, doi: 10.1080/26410397.2020.1741494.

N. Nabila and C. Utama, “The Impact of Active Learning Methods (Group Discussion) on Elementary School Students’ Learning Outcomes: Systematic Literature Review 2020–2025,” Proceedings Series of Educational Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 544–549, Sep. 2025.

A. V. Gopika, S. George, B. M. Rose, J. J. Olickal, and K. R. Thankappan, “Attitude towards menstruation, prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and coping mechanisms among adolescent girls in Kerala, India: a cross-sectional study,” BMJ Public Health, vol. 3, no. 2, p. e002281, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2024-002281.

D. S. Rizvi, “Health education and global health: Practices, applications, and future research,” Journal of Education and Health Promotion, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 262, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_218_22.

H. Asadi, H. Ghamari Kivi, and Z. Akhavi Samarein, “Development and evaluation of an intervention package to alleviate the psychological effects of premenstrual syndrome in adolescent girls,” BMC Womens Health, vol. 25, p. 271, May 2025, doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03690-7.

R. A. Salam, J. K. Das, Z. S. Lassi, and Z. A. Bhutta, “Adolescent Health Interventions: Conclusions, Evidence Gaps, and Research Priorities,” J Adolesc Health, vol. 59, no. 4 Suppl, pp. S88–S92, Oct. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.05.006.

M. L. Gonçalves-Fernández and M. Pino-Juste, “Health literacy in healthy adults: A systematic review of recent evidence,” Aten Primaria, vol. 57, no. 11, p. 103300, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2025.103300.

X. Deng and J. Chen, “Agreeableness and Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support as a Coping-Relevant Resource and the Moderating Effect of Family Income,” Behav Sci (Basel), vol. 16, no. 1, p. 38, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.3390/bs16010038.

P. R. Kokiwar and P. Nikitha, “Efficacy of Focused Group Discussion on Knowledge and Practices Related to Menstruation among Adolescent Girls of Rural Areas of Rhtc of a Medical College: An Interventional Study,” Indian J Community Med, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 32–35, 2020, doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_134_19.

F. Babapour, F. Elyasi, M. Hosseini-Tabaghdehi, J. Yazdani-Charati, and Z. Shahhosseini, “The effect of peer education compared to education provided by healthcare providers on premenstrual syndrome in high school students: A social network-based quasi-experimental controlled trial,” Neuropsychopharmacology Reports, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 69–76, 2023, doi: 10.1002/npr2.12305.

S. Hiramine, M. Nagata, and M. Kainuma, “The Impact of an Undergraduate Community‐Based Medical Education Program in a Japanese Urban City,” Cureus, vol. 16, no. 2, p. e54204, 2024, doi: 10.7759/cureus.54204.

J. Lönngren et al., “Emotions in engineering education: A configurative meta-synthesis systematic review,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 1287–1326, 2024, doi: 10.1002/jee.20600.

P. Khalilzadeh, J. Amirzadeh-iranagh, H. R. Khalkhali, and M. Maheri, “Evaluating the effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on the lifestyle related to premenstrual syndrome and reduction of its symptoms among the first-grade high school girls,” BMC Public Health, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 1001, May 2023, doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15950-y.

B. D. Betsu, A. A. Medhanyie, T. G. Gebrehiwet, and L. L. Wall, “Menstrual hygiene management interventions and their effects on schoolgirls’ menstrual hygiene experiences in low and middle countries: A systematic review,” PLoS One, vol. 19, no. 8, p. e0302523, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302523.

Setyowati, M. Rizkia, and T. Ungsianik, “Improving Female Adolescents’ Knowledge, Emotional Response, and Attitude toward Menarche following Implementation of Menarcheal Preparation Reproductive Health Education,” Asian Pac Isl Nurs J, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 84–91, doi: 10.31372/20190402.1041.

F. Fuadah and S. Rejeki, “The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Depression Among Eleventh-Grade Students at SMK Umi Kulsum Banjaran Bandung,” IJCSRR, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 4742–4748, Sep. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V8-i9-39.