Potential of Natural Compounds and Biological Products as HMG-CoA Reductase Enzyme Inhibitors: a Literature Study

Annisa Zahra Rahmayati; Andrey Kusuma Maulana; Aulia Zahra Annabilah; Ayu Paramitha Salsabilla; Camelia Dwiyanti Prasetya; M. Iqbal Rhamadianto

Penulis

Annisa Zahra Rahmayati Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung
Andrey Kusuma Maulana Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung
Aulia Zahra Annabilah Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Indonesia
Ayu Paramitha Salsabilla Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Indonesia
Camelia Dwiyanti Prasetya Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Indonesia
M. Iqbal Rhamadianto Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Indonesia

Kata Kunci:

HMG-CoA Reductase, Statins, Natural Compounds, Hypercholesterolemia, Molecular Docking

Abstrak

HMG-CoA Reductase is a primary target in hypercholesterolemia therapy due to its role in cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver. This study aims to review the potential of natural substances, microbes, and in silico approaches in identifying HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor compounds. The review was conducted on 10 national and international journals using methods such as molecular docking, enzymatic activity analysis, in silico toxicity validation, and epidemiological studies. The results show various compounds from plants such as Piper crocatum, Allium sativum, Syzygium polyanthum, as well as fermented products like Lactobacillus acidophilus have high potential as inhibitors of this enzyme. Combination therapy, modification of statin compounds, and educational approaches for patients also contribute to the effectiveness of cholesterol therapy.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

Referensi

Dewi, I. P., & Merry, M. S. (2017). Peranan obat golongan statin. Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana, 2(3).

Faturohman, H., Fakih, T. M., & Yuniarta, T. A. (2024). Uji Toksisitas Secara In Silico pada Senyawa Hasil Docking terhadap HMG-CoA Reduktase dari Database Coconut Herbal. Jurnal Pharmacy, 4(2), 784–792.

Hartanti, L., Yonas, S. M. K., Mustamu, J. J., Wijaya, S., Setiawan, H. K., & Soegianto, L. (2019). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Penghambatan HMG-CoA Reduktase. Jurnal Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala.

Lawuningtyas, A., Sidharta, B., Ebtavanny, T. G., & Minanga, E. P. (2020). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Ketepatan Penggunaan Obat Simvastatin pada Pasien Hiperkolesterolemia di Apotek Kota Malang. Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia, 5(2), 91–96.

Normaidah, N., & Nurmansyah, D. (2021). Studi In Silico Senyawa Hylocereus polyrhizus dan Allium sativum terhadap Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase. Jurnal Pharmascience, 8(2), 40–50.

Nugraha, G., Suprayetno, & Pangestu, D. R. (2022). Validasi Internal Kompleks Reseptor HMG-CoA Reduktase (PDB:1HWK) - Atorvastatin sebagai Antikolesterol dengan Metode Penambatan Ulang. Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan, 14, 172–183.

Purnama, I., & Merry, M. S. (2017). Peranan Obat Golongan Statin dalam Pencegahan Penyakit Kardiovaskular dan Serebrovaskular. Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana, 2(3).

Suatowijaya, R., Riza, H., & Fajriaty, I. (2019). Virtual Screening Struktur Modifikasi Simvastatin terhadap Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase Menggunakan Metode Docking. Jurnal Mahasiswa Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNTAN, 4(1).

Widya, A. A., & Amin, S. (2025). Senyawa Alam Kandidat Terapi Kolesterol: Telaah Energi Ikatan pada NPC1L1 dan HMG-CoA Reduktase. Journal of Public Health Science (JoPHS), 2(2).

Yonas, A., & Harjo, M. (2023). Eksplorasi Potensi Senyawa Flavonoid dari Piper crocatum sebagai Inhibitor Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase secara In Silico. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 26(1), 12–20.