A Criminal Law Approach to Illegal Deforestation in Conservation Areas
Keywords:
Illegal Deforestation, Criminal Law, Law EnforcementAbstract
Illegal deforestation in conservation areas is a serious threat to the preservation of Indonesia's ecosystems and biodiversity that requires an effective criminal law approach as a protection and prevention effort. This research aims to analyze the criminal legal framework governing illegal deforestation in conservation areas and evaluate the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement in tackling the problem. The research method used is a normative juridical approach by analyzing relevant laws and regulations, court decisions, and empirical data on the implementation of forestry law enforcement in Indonesia. The results showed that Indonesia has a comprehensive criminal law framework through Law No. 5 of 1990, Law No. 41 of 1999, and Law No. 18 of 2013 which provides strict sanctions of up to 15 years in prison and a fine of Rp 15 billion, but the effectiveness of enforcement is still low due to weak coordination between agencies, limited human resources, difficulty of proof, and rampant corruption in the forestry sector. The conclusion of the study shows that although the criminal law foundation is adequate, comprehensive reforms in institutional aspects, improved coordination, application of modern technology, and eradication of corruption are needed to improve the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement in tackling illegal deforestation in Indonesia's conservation areas.
References
Adinugroho, W. C. (2009). Penebangan liar, sebuah bencana bagi dunia kehutanan Indonesia yang belum terselesaikan. IPB.
Auhara, L. (2013). Dampak illegal logging terhadap perlindungan hukum satwa yang dilindungi. Lex Administratum, 1(1).
Bawono, B. T., & Mashdurohatun, A. (2011). Penegakan Hukum Pidana Di Bidang Illegal Logging Bagi Kelestarian Lingkungan Hidup Dan Upaya Penanggulangannya. Jurnal Hukum Unissula, 26(2), 12290.
Boediningsih, W., & Tandiono, S. (2022). Analisis terhadap putusan MA No. 482K/Tun/2021 terkait surat keputusan gubernur Jawa Tengah No. 590/20 tahun 2021. Lex Journal: Kajian Hukum & Keadilan, 6(1), 102-120.
Chamim, M. (2020). Menjaga rimba terakhir. WARSI, 19-47.
Forest Watch Indonesia & Global Forest Watch. (2011). Keadaan hutan Indonesia. Forest Watch Indonesia.
Ibrahim, J. (2010). Teori & metodologi penelitian hukum normatif. Bayumedia Publishing.
Sianturi, S. R. (2002). Asas-asas hukum pidana di Indonesia dan penerapannya. Alumni AHEAM-PETEHAEM.
Sodik, A. (2018). Rekonstruksi kebijakan hukum dalam penanganan pemberantasan perusakan hutan berbasis nilai keadilan [Disertasi doktor, Fakultas Hukum UNISSULA].
Yusuf, A. M., & Makarawo, M. T. (2011). Hukum kehutanan di Indonesia. Rineka Cipta.
Zainudin, A. (2010). Metode penelitian hukum. Sinar Grafika.
